Reference genes / Housekeeping genes
Normalization
in real-time PCR - page 2
Normalization in real-time PCR - page 1
Normalization in real-time PCR - page 3
Normalization in real-time PCR - page 4


Tools:


Further normalisation papers:
Gene expression studies in prostate cancer tissue: which reference gene should be selected for normalization?
Ohl F, Jung M, Xu C, Stephan C, Rabien A, Burkhardt M, Nitsche A, Kristiansen G, Loening SA, Radonic A, Jung K.
J Mol Med. 2005 83(12):1014-24.
Housekeeping gene variability in normal and cancerous colorectal, pancreatic, esophageal, gastric and hepatic tissues.
Rubie C, Kempf K, Hans J, Su T, Tilton B, Georg T, Brittner B, Ludwig B, Schilling M.
Mol Cell Probes. 2005 19(2):101-9.
One-step real-time duplex reverse transcription PCRs simultaneously quantify analyte and housekeeping gene mRNAs.
Wang C, Gao D, Vaglenov A, Kaltenboeck B.
Biotechniques. 2004 36(3):508-16, 518-9.


Selection of ovine housekeeping genes for normalisation by real-time RT-PCR,  analysis of PrP gene expression and genetic susceptibility to scrapie.
Garcia-Crespo D, Juste RA, Hurtado A.
BMC Vet Res. 2005 28; 1:3

Determination of an internal control to apply reverse transcription quantitative PCR to study stress response in the lactic
acid bacterium Oenococcus oeni.

Desroche N, Beltramo C, Guzzo J.
J Microbiol Methods. 2005 60(3):325-33.


Evaluation of potential reference genes in real-time RT-PCR studies of Atlantic salmon.
Olsvik PA, Lie KK, Jordal AE, Nilsen TO, Hordvik I.
BMC Mol Biol. 2005 Nov 17;6:21.


Selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in bovine preimplantation embryos.
Goossens K, Van Poucke M, Van Soom A, Vandesompele J, Van Zeveren A, Peelman LJ.
BMC Dev Biol. 2005 5: 27.

mRNA and 18S-RNA coapplication-reverse transcription for quantitative gene expression analysis.
Zhu LJ, Altmann SW.
Anal Biochem. 2005 345(1): 102-109.

Evaluation of housekeeping genes in placental comparative expression studies.
Meller M, Vadachkoria S, Luthy DA, Williams MA.
Placenta. 2005 26(8-9): 601-607
Recent normalisation papers:
Normalization of gene expression measurements in tumor tissues: comparison of 13 endogenous control genes
de Kok JB, Roelofs RW, Giesendorf BA, Pennings JL, Waas ET, Feuth T, Swinkels DW, Span PN.
Lab Invest. 2005 85(1): 154-159
Reference genes identified in SH-SY5Y cells using custom-made gene arrays with validation by qPCR
Hoerndli FJ, Toigo M, Schild A, Gotz J, Day PJ.
Anal Biochem. 2004 335(1): 30-41

Similar sequence-free amplification of human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase for real time RT-PCR applications
Gianni Carraro*, Giovanna Albertin, Myriam Forneris, Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Molecular and Cellular Probes (2005)

Validation of internal control genes for gene expression analysis in diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Biederman J, Yee J, Cortes P.
Kidney Int. 2004 66(6): 2308-2314
Validating internal controls for quantitative plant gene expression studies
Amy M Brunner, Igor A Yakovlev and Steven H Strauss
Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5752, USA and 2Skogforsk/ Norwegian Forest Research; Institute, Hogskoleveien 12, N-1432 As, Norway
BMC Plant Biology 2004, 4:14
Selection of Normalizer Genes in Conducting Relative Gene Expression Analysis of Embryos
Qin J. Zhang, Antony Chadderton, Robert L. Clark, and Karen A. Augustine-Rauch*
Department of Reproductive Toxicology, Safety Assessment, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
Birth Defects Research (Part A) 67:533–544 (2003)
Sex genes for genomic analysis in human brain: internal controls for comparison of probe level data extraction
Hanga C Galfalvy, Loubna Erraji-Benchekroun, Peggy Smyrniotopoulos,
Paul Pavlidis, Steven P Ellis, J John Mann, Etienne Sibille and Victoria Arango
BMC Bioinformatics 2003, 4:37
Single muscle fiber gene expression in human skeletal muscle: validation of internal control with exercise
Bozena Jemiolo and Scott Trappe
BBRC - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 320 (2004) 1043–1050
Exogenous Reference RNA for Normalization of Real-Time Quantitative PCR
Reginald D. Smith, Benjamin Brown, Pranvera Ikonomi, and Alan N. Schechter
National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
BioTechniques 34:88-91 (January 2003)
Unsuitability of Using Ribosomal RNA as Loading Control for Northern Blot Analyses Related to the Imbalance between Messenger and Ribosomal RNA Content in Rat Mammary Tumors
Montserrat Solanas, Raquel Moral, and Eduard Escrich
Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Analytical Biochemistry 288, 102–104 (2001)